1. Introduction
2. RuDG Goals and Objectives
2.1. PRIOR and RuDG Goals
2.2. RuDG Mission
2.3. Target Audience and Users
2.4. RuDG Unique Feature 3. Content Creation
3.1. RuDG Content
3.2. RuDG Architecture
3.3. RuDG Taxonomy Development
3.4. Main Requirements of the Editorial Policy
3.4.1. Author Competency and Resource Quality
3.4.2. Openness, Impartiality and Objectiveness
3.4.3. Rejection of Unacceptable Information
3.4.4. References to Information Sources, Annotations of Resources
3.4.5. Correction of Errors
3.4.6. Responsibility
3.5. Regulations of Relationships with Sponsors, Partners and Advertisers 4. Content Creation
4.1. RuDG Content Management Structure
4.1.1. Editorial Board
4.1.2. Chief Editor
4.1.3. Topic Guide
4.1.4. Editorial Groups of Thematic Pages
4.2. Expert Corps
4.3. Approaches to Content Management
4.3.1. Decentralization
4.3.2. Access Division
4.4. Content Providers
4.5. Content Translation
Appendix 1: Approximate Typical Structure of a Thematic Page
Typical Structure of a Thematic Page
Key Elements of a Thematic Page
Expansion of the Information Resources
Appendix 2: Instructions for an Expert of the Russia Development Gateway
Registration as an Expert of RuDG
Filling out/ Changing Personal Information
Publication of References
Publication of Original Resources
Resource Editing
Appendix 3: RuDG Taxonomy
1. Introduction
Creation of a powerful multifunctional development [1] web portal is one of the key systemic tasks of the (hereinafter referred to as the Partnership, or PRIOR), which is a voluntary association of organizations, founded on November 30, 2001 for the purpose of facilitating Russia's transition to Information Society and assisting in overcoming the digital divide and developing the Knowledge Economy.
The creation of the Russia Development Gateway (hereinafter referred to as the Portal, or RuDG) commenced on March 1, 2001 and is continuing with the financial support of the info Dev Program of the World Bank (grants ## CG 012 and CG I-05). The Portal represents:
- The key backbone project of PRIOR;
- A member of the international network, comprising development portals in over 50 countries of Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America, created within the framework of the Program.
The RuDG Team initiated the formation of and is a part of the professional community of developers of a technological platform "Portal-in-the-Box" (, dgCn).
2. RuDG Goals and Objectives
2.1. PRIOR and RuDG Goals
RuDG is created as an instrument for achieving PRIOR goals, which are as follows:
- Russia's dynamic and full-fledged development in the global Information Society [2];
- Development of the Knowledge Economy [3] in Russia;
- Improving the effectiveness of efforts undertaken by the main development communities - government, business, civil society, research and education community, an international group of donors and investors [4] - at the local, regional, national and international levels;
- Involvement of international organizations, donors and investors in resolving problems of Russia's development in the global Information Society;
- Increasing the transparency of government at all levels, achieving higher efficiency of public sector and focusing it on the citizens' needs;
- Development of national information resources accessible via the Internet;
- Support for mutual strengthening of international, national and local initiatives by means of intensive dissemination of development experience and knowledge.
2.2. RuDG Mission
RuDG mission is to facilitate sustainable development of Russia in the conditions of global Information Society and the formation of Knowledge Economy.
The Portal is intended to become:
- A platform for collaboration and interaction among the key development communities;
- A platform for discussing and developing the national strategy and the program of transition to the Information Society using international experience as well as providing the necessary publicity and support for its implementation;
- An instrument for promoting of e-Government, e-Business, e-Learning, etc.;
- Knowledge warehouse accumulating the most important information on the development issues and providing efficient use of this information;
- A tool for promoting Russia's positive image as a mature participant of the global Information Society.
- Forum for a national dialog on the Information Society and Knowledge Economy development;
- Site for self-organization of the development communities;
- An incubator of programs, projects and technologies aimed at Information Society and Knowledge Economy development.
2.3. Target Audience, Users
The target audience of RuDG consists of the major development communities, which represent the most active part of the Russian society, as well as foreign and international organizations and experts interested in contributing to achievement of the aforementioned mission:
- Government officials of all levels;
- Businesspeople, including representatives of investment companies;
- Representatives of civil society and sponsor organizations;
- Academics and employees of cultural and educational organizations;
- Employees of companies engaged in production, processing and dissemination of information and other hi-tech industries, as well as the service sector;
- Representatives of the mass media.
2.4. RuDG Unique Feature
The Portal's primary objective is becoming the tool for discussing and developing the national strategy and the program of transition to the Information Society. Evolving as a unique expert resource on the Information Society and Knowledge Economy development in Russia, the RuDG offers its users the following tools and possibilities:
- Opportunity to receive direct access to quality information necessary for better understanding of the issues and opportunities of the Information Society and specifics of the Knowledge Economy;
- Access to reliable information regarding the problems and level of development of the Information Society and k-Economy elements in Russia;
- Access to advanced domestic and foreign experience on developing and implementing strategies and programs of the Information Society development on the national and regional levels;
- A platform where PRIOR integrates representatives of the key development communities to develop and disseminate its vision of the future for Russia and proposals regarding obtaining it;
- Tools for discussing the national strategy and the program of Russia's sustainable development in the course of transition to the global Information Society and Knowledge Economy;
- Mechanisms for resolving the most important issues for specific communities, knowledge and practical experience exchange;
- Mechanisms of effective collaboration between the interested parties for the purpose of implementing specific projects.
- Various tools, which facilitate provision of information, consultative and other services needed by the target audience and contributing to the realization of the RuDG mission;
- Opportunity to disseminate information on the activity of development communities in Russia and abroad.
3. Content Creation
3.1. RuDG Content
RuDG content consists of information on the development of Information Society and Knowledge Economy. The general concept of the Portal's functioning is professionally selecting and providing user access to various information and viewpoints (upon request and by mailing lists), and, as the result, ensuring constant access to new understanding and real possibilities (resources and tools) for development in the priority directions of Russia's transition to the Information Society.
The information on the Portal can be published in two formats:
- Open (general information, advertisements);
- Closed (free subscription, paid subscription, preordered).
The structure of RuDG content is determined by the RuDG Taxonomy, which is an evolving system of topics and subtopics, coordinated with the international , and development gateways.
3.2. RuDG Architecture
The RuDG Portal architecture is multidimensional, i.e. its content is organized by topic, type, region, user category and functional platform. Thus, at the stage of publication of an information resource, it is assigned to a specific topic, a forecast for the audience (target communities) is given, the geographic relevance is defined, and the resource type (news, article, link, etc.) is recorded. Such a system allows for subsequent efficient filtering through the information during the search process.
In the course of content creation of the different level gateways, the key general principle is publishing the most valuable information of common interest on a higher-level portal in order to make sure that the users are well informed about local development processes.
Description of information resources shall be supplemented by coordinated sets of metadata; all the metadata of the network of regional and municipal gateways shall be also placed in the centralized stock of the RuDG metadata in order to provide efficient search mechanisms (e.g., keyword search) through the whole gateway network.
3.3. RuDG Taxonomy Development
RuDG Taxonomy evolution would entail the following activities:
- Research and practical work on the formation of a balanced list and developing a topic hierarchy covering all aspects of Information Society and Knowledge Economy development;
- Technological support for a distributed system of classifiers, incorporating the possibility of their use at the global, national and regional levels.
3.4. Main Requirements of the Editorial Policy
3.4.1.Author Competency and Resource Quality
Selection of information resources, themes, news, topics for discussion and proposed technologies shall be based on a thorough professional analysis of facts and a forecast for the target audience needs.
The developers of RuDG shall strive to achieve the maximum accuracy possible of information to be displayed, which will be ensured by the use of reputable and tested sources, cooperation with highly qualified experts, and regular control of the quality of information.
3.4.2. Openness, Impartiality and Objectivity
RuDG strives to create a high-quality resource, presenting various sources of information and constructive viewpoints on development problems.
The creators of the Portal shall put forth every effort to establish contacts between different groups, so as to facilitate open and fruitful exchange of ideas.
Opinions presented in materials published on the Portal are exclusively personal opinions of the authors of texts and remarks and may not always reflect the position of the Partnership or the editorial staff of RuDG.
3.4.3. Rejection of Unacceptable Information
Although RuDG creators strictly abide by the policy of neutrality in terms of political, scientific and expert views of all participants, the generally accepted norms of interaction should nonetheless be followed. RuDG editorial staff reserves the right of final decision on accepting materials for publication on the Gateway. If the information is viewed as propagating violence, containing offensive language, representing provocation, conflicting with the theme of the portal sections, or is objectionable for other reasons, then the material may not be approved for publication and/or eliminated.
3.4.4. References to Sources of Information, Annotations of Resources
The RuDG Portal publishes both the original research (generally, in the form of files) and the references to the already published online resources. In all cases the brief summary is prepared. The original works include their author (compiler).
The use of the hyperlinks in the Portal documents does not represent the support of a company, product or opinion not does it reflect the RuDG Portal's subscription to the corresponding materials containing the link. The RuDG Portal does not have an obligation to include the link to a website; this is done for convenience of access to relevant and useful information.
3.4.5. Correction of Errors
The editors of the RuDG Portal take an obligation to correct as quickly as possible any factual errors and misinterpretations. If a dispute occurs regarding an interpretation, the RuDG Portal staff should undertake active steps toward resolving the issue through negotiations and diplomatic coordination.
3.4.6. Responsibility
The Portal draws the information from carefully selected Russian and foreign sources. The initial selection process is based on the expert opinion of the RuDG Portal editorial board and external consultants. The sources and links are constantly checked for consistency with the Editorial Policy and information quality standards. However, the RuDG Portal cannot guarantee the absolute reliability and accuracy of the information received from other sources and, thus, does not take the responsibility for the dependability or currency of the secondary information.
3.5. Regulations of Relationships with Sponsors, Partners and Advertisers
RuDG can attract additional support in the form of various grants, equipment and services provided by development agencies, foundations, individuals and companies. RuDG publishes the list of all organizations and persons providing gratis contribution; however, such contribution is only accepted if the editorial independency is preserved. The logos of those who provide uncompensated contribution are marked as "partner" or "sponsor."
The staff involved in selecting information content should reject offers that can be misinterpreted by those who provide them in case of their acceptance, or that can give an impression to the users that RuDG is in any way obliged to particular sponsors or companies.
RuDG can place paid advertisements in the form of banners and special advertising sections. The relations with advertisers should be transparent and clear to the Gateway users; therefore, the informational and commercial content should be clearly separated. A necessary condition of financial support is prior agreement by the provider to the RuDG's full freedom to select the information provided to the users. Advertising materials should be clearly marked on the Gateway Portal.
4. Content Organization
RuDG represents a controlled system of public presentation of the most important information on the Information Society and Knowledge Economy development. The system is based on coordinated efforts by individual experts and organizations that are acknowledged specialists in a specific area from the standpoints of objectivity and openness. The experts are attracted through the process of interaction with various partners representing the key development communities.
RuDG encourages active cooperation in the sphere of content creation (publishing) between organizations and individuals with expert knowledge and practical experience in different aspects of development.
In order to ensure high quality and sustainability of the process of content creation for RuDG, the collegiate bodies for content management are established, which include recognized and competent specialists who collectively possess the professional knowledge and reputation required for achieving the outlined tasks.
4.1. RuDG Content Management Structure
4.1.1. Editorial Board
The supreme collegiate body regulating the process of RuDG content development is the Editorial Board of the Russia Development Gateway, which is established within the framework of PRIOR Expert Council.
The Editorial Board is responsible for completing the following tasks:
- Approving the RuDG Editorial Policy;
- Determining quality standards for the publication of materials;
- Assisting PRIOR and RuDG collegiate governing bodies in developing approaches to content management and quality control as well as form the network of content providers;
- Approving the candidature of the RuDG Chief Editor.
The membership and work plan of the RuDG Editorial Board are approved by PRIOR Expert Council.
4.1.2. Chief Editor
The authority of the Chief Editor covers the whole Portal. The Chief Editor:
- Bears responsibility for the overall quality of the content and its correspondence with the RuDG Editorial Policy;
- Approves the publication standards and provides overall control of compliance;
- Works on attracting information suppliers and establishing relations with them;
- Works on attracting highly-qualified experts to provide consulting services for the members of the Editorial Board;
- Approves the heads of thematic pages and editorial groups of the Portal's thematic pages.
The Chief Editor is approved by the RuDG Editorial Board. The Chief Editor may work both as a volunteer and as a paid staff member.
4.1.3. Topic Guide
Every topic guide contributes to the achievement of an agreement with content providers within the thematic page assigned to him or her (including all sub-topics). However, upon establishing effective relations with the content providers, the placement of new information in the RuDG's thematic pages generally occurs without his/her direct participation. A topic guide is nonetheless responsible for the content quality and exerts control over compliance with the publication standards. A topic guide shall check information on a regular basis in order to ensure its quality and correspondence to the Editorial Policy. A topic guide also reserves the right to delete or reject unacceptable materials as well as materials that fail to correspond to a particular topic or to meet the provisions of the Editorial Policy.
Candidates to the position of a topic guide may be selected on a competitive basis or based on the recommendations from 2-3 experts in a particular area or experts on a thematic section of a superior level and are subject to the Chief Editor's approval. Both individual experts and organizations may act as topic guides.
Several themes may be assigned to one topic guide.
A topic guide may work both as a volunteer and as a paid staff member.
The responsibilities of a topic guide include:
- Creation of an assigned thematic page(s) on the Portal using technical means and tools of the Russia Development Gateway (the approximate structure of a thematic page is demonstrated in Appendix 1);
- Identifying reliable information sources;
- Organization of comprehensive and reliable process of information publishing and updates on a thematic page;
- Approval of the regulations of editorial groups' activities within the framework of his/her thematic page;
- Structuring the organizing the work of his/her thematic community - experts and users;
- Organizing the process of singling out the problems of his/her thematic area;
- Identifying and interpreting major concepts and key problems of both the thematic area and its place within the overall development concept;
- Organization and provision of professional communication within and around the thematic community, introducing and/or guiding discussions related to a particular theme, contributing to the exchange of ideas;
- Securing the use of a thematic page as an instrument of developing a thematic area and community;
- Organization of content representation of the thematic community at other thematic pages of the Russia Development Gateway;
- Securing the capitalization of the results of activities within the framework of a thematic page and the thematic community by selling information, providing services, implementing projects and other tasks.
4.1.4. Editorial Groups of Thematic Pages
For each major thematic page of the Russia Development Gateway, an editorial group is established whenever possible, which develops recommendations for the general editorial policy of a thematic page.
Editorial groups may be established for each separate topic.
An editorial group provides recommendations on the publication standards and the quality criteria for selecting materials; provides assistance in determining information suppliers and establishing relations with them; gives recommendations regarding new opportunities, which should be used for the benefit of a user community of a particular topic (or theme).
Each editorial group works on a volunteer basis and includes a number of specialists that possess expert knowledge in a particular field.
The membership of editorial groups is approved by the RuDG Chief Editor. The regulations of each editorial group's activities are approved by the supervisor of a corresponding thematic page.
4.2. Expert Corps
The RuDG content is created by a community (corps) of experts specializing in a number of fields related to the development of Information Society and Knowledge Economy.
A person is considered an expert if he/she implements a development idea in a particular field and is recognized by the corresponding community as a highly-qualified specialist.
A RuDG expert should at the minimum possess the following qualifications:
- In-depth understanding of a theme both from professional and political points of view;
- International experience or interest in understanding international aspects of a topic;
- Ability to carry out independent competent assessment of sources used for securing high-quality content and their capacity to meet user needs;
- Established relations or ability to establish relations with key organizations, communities or individuals which, if combined, may constitute a broad and reliable network of information sources in a particular field;
- Ability to take into consideration the needs of a broad community of users lacking special technical training but interested in the most diverse aspects of different issues related to the topic, and to gear the content of a corresponding page of the Portal to meeting such needs;
- Common sense and impartiality in solving crucial or controversial issues related to a particular topic.
An expert conducts his/her work at the Portal, according to the Instructions for an Expert of the Russian Development Gateway. In making decisions and conducting work activities, an expert should be aware of the fact that the primary purpose of supporting a page is providing services to a target audience that consists of well-informed people with a broad outlook - decision-makers, researchers, experts and specialists in a particular field.
An expert belonging to the expert panel may perform one or several of the functions listed below:
- Chief Editor of the Russia Development Gateway;
- Topic guide;
- Member of an editorial group;
- External Expert who was attracted for consultations on a temporary basis.
4.3. Approaches to Content Management
4.3.1. Decentralization
The RuDG provides an opportunity to publish content on the Internet through:
- Forums accessible for all users and
- Administrative interface accessible only to editorial staff.
Users and the Editorial Board can publish content from any computer connected to the Internet.
4.3.2. Access Division
One of the key features of the RuDG content is the division of access.
The Editorial Board can take the following steps, depending on the function being performed:
- Add or delete content on any thematic page of the Portal both through a forum and through the administrative interface - first category of access (Russia Development Gateway Project Manager , RuDG Chief Editor);
- Add or delete content on any thematic page within the section of the first level both through the forum and through the administrative interface - second category of access (Topic Guide);
- Add or delete content at one or several particular thematic pages within a section of the second level and lower through the forum and the administrative interface - third category of access (Sub-Topic Manager).
Any registered user can add content through discussion forums available on each thematic page of the RuDG - fourth category of access .
4.4. Content Providers
The content of thematic pages can be replenished from the following sources:
- Contribution by topic guides and editorial groups;
- Contribution by communities: any user registered in the corresponding section of the Portal should be able to add information to it, which will then be reviewed by the topic guide and published upon meeting the standards of acceptability;
- Discussions and debates on key problems initiated by topic guides based on the recommendations of editorial boards and proposals filed by users;
- Comments by topic guides and users;
- Inquiries filed by users who need particular information and answers to these inquiries from other members of the thematic community;
- News formed by topic guides, authorized partners and regional representatives;
- Statistics and information from databases of development projects provided by the Development Gateway.
4.5. Content Translation
In order to cover the largest audience possible, the RuDG Portal shall publish information in Russian and English. The Russian and English versions shall de identical in those parts that are of interest to both domestic and foreign users. In addition to Russian and English, regional gateways within RuDG can also publish information in local languages. The selection of materials to be translated is the responsibility of the topic guides, editorial boards of the RuDG Portal, and editorial councils of the regional development gateways.
The Portal content can be divided into three categories in terms of translation:
- Static content;
- Periodically updated content; and
- Constantly modified content.
Depending on the type of information resource, there shall be two translation methods:
- Translation made by people (for the most important documents requiring qualified translation and editing) and
- Machine translations (for documents that can be adequately translated automatically).
As part of PRIOR's organizational structure, special translator groups will be formed on the national and regional levels, which would specialize on the e-development issues. The scientific editing of translations will be completed by specially selected experts in relevant fields.
Taking into account high cost of translation and editing work, the RuDG shall provide instruments for machine translation of the documents published on the Portal as one of its services.
Appendix 1: Approximate Typical Structure of a Thematic Page
Typical Structure of a Thematic Page
In terms of the typical structure of thematic pages of the RuDG Portal, each page includes the following:
Communities
Links and references to professional organizations and other groups, which represent different points of view and serve as sources of information regarding a specific thematic page.
Databases
References and links to databases of statistical and other data, research results and reports as well as other information directly relevant to a specific thematic page and holding importance for a specific community.
References
Lists of organizations, events, activities, etc., which are related to a specific thematic page. These can include service providers, sponsor organizations, professional associations, educational institutions, proposed and current programs, projects and initiatives, and others.
Discussion Forums
The tools for conducting discussions of certain topics, which are of interest to this community.
Event Calendars
References to available event calendars, compiled by the periodicals or organizations working in a related field. If such calendars are unavailable or insufficient for the purposes of a specific user group, a topic guide can compile a separate calendar of events.
Problem Solving Tools
References and links to the software and programs downloadable from the Internet, practical advice and instructions for resolving specific problems, consulting services, etc.
Key Elements of a Thematic Page
Every topic guide selects and completes initial editing of the major content components of a thematic page assigned to him/her. These content components include the following elements:
Major Weekly Events
These are sources of reliable information or important events (web sites, databases, events, documents, etc.), which could currently be of interest to the target audience of a thematic page. The information selection is a responsibility to a topic guide, who selects:
- Examples of best practices and negative experiences (preferably including the lessons learned);
- Information about the research and study results on a certain topic;
- Other materials of interest to the thematic page audience of the Portal.
In order to ensure high quality of the content of a thematic page of the Portal, the topic guide conducts research, reads relevant materials, and searches for necessary information through the Internet, interacts with the community members on this topic, gets acquainted with all the information received from the users, and utilizes other sources as he/she deems necessary.
Upon completing the material selection, a topic guide prepares a brief 1-2 sentence summary of each element of the Major Weekly Events in Russian and English. Since the materials should be current and newsworthy, they should be reviewed weekly at the longest and modified and updated as necessary. The previous materials, which still hold the interest of the users, should be placed in a special page archive section.
The topic guides could present new materials for consideration of the Editorial Board of the RuDG, in case such materials and information could lead to unusual or promising evolution of a given topic. Such materials could include descriptions of conceptually new approaches, methods, procedures, products, relationships, etc., which could be of interest to the user community.
Key Issues
This item includes a concisely formulated (3-6 sentences) statement of the major concepts and core issues, which represent the long-term and immediate focus of a specific community. The purpose is to introduce the users to the thematic aspects related to development, to create an environment conducive for information and opinion exchange, to support the emergence of new frame of mind. On the basis of the established information sources, a topic guide identifies key issues and, subsequently, compiles (and sometimes presents for expert assessment) the best available resources which could facilitate in resolving these problems and challenges. These resources could include documents, links, discussion forums, and lists of product and service providers. A topic guide prepares a brief 1-2 sentence explanation of the importance of a given resource.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
In the course of consulting with his/her community, the topic guide puts together a list of frequently asked questions on a certain topic and prepares the responses utilizing a balanced set of information sources. This rubric should incorporate the questions, which are of interest to the target audience of a thematic page.
Selected Links
This is a list of 20-30 links to websites, which could help expand the range of resources available on a specific topic; the list is compiled by the topic guide. The majority of the links is selected by the topic guide and the members of a specific community network; however, the users can also provide suggestions for additional links. The final listing should correspond to the needs and knowledge level of the target audience. If plausible, a separate list could be compiled for the more knowledgeable or technically apt users.
Community Contribution
These are documents, links and references, and other information sources submitted by the users, which, upon careful consideration, were not included into the selected links or into other sections of a thematic page. The topic guide selects the best contributions for inclusion into the main catalogue of this section; the rest are placed into the archive part of this section. No of the contribution can be denied.
Expansion of the Information Resources
The topic guide is responsible for identifying information resources and facilitates agreements with information providers; h owever, upon establishing effective relations with the content providers, the placement of new information in the RuDG's thematic pages generally occurs automatically. A topic guide is nonetheless responsible for the content quality and relevance and should check the information content and flow constantly.
If the need arises to purchase certain information, the topic guide should submit the relevant substantiation to the Editorial Board. The sources of such information should preferably be completely related to a given topic; however, the topic guide could identify or recommend specific parts.
As part of a thematic page the topic guide could create sub-pages conforming to the same criteria as the higher-level pages.
Appendix 2: Instructions for an Expert of the Russia Development Gateway
Registration as an Expert of RuDG
The registration of the RuDG expert is completed by the technical specialist upon the decision of the director of the Russian Development Gateway Portal project or of the Chief Editor of the RuDG. The expert is assigned personal login and password for entering the special area of the Portal.
In order to effectively fulfill his/her functions on a regular basis, each time an expert should complete the following steps:
- Access the expert page through "My Portal" link (please see the top horizontal menu bar on the RuDG).
- Click on the "Expert" link.
- Input own login and password in the newly-opened window.
- Upon reaching the administrative area, start working in the "Resource" rubric.
Filling out/ Changing Personal Information
Enter "My Portal."
- Follow the "Personal Information" link.
- Input personal information. If you already filled out your data, you can change them, if needed. Click on the "Change" button. Carefully check all the information and, if necessary, change you first and last name in Russian and English and insert brief statement about yourself.
- Return to the previous page, click on the "Photograph" link and attach a photo.
- Return to the "Expert" page and click on the "Expert" link.
- In the "Rubrics" section, click on the "Rubric Editing" link.
- In the first block "Thematic Sections" scroll down to find your section (for instance, "Programs and Projects of e-Development Communities");
- Subsection (for instance, "Regional Programs and Projects");
- Division of a subsection (for instance, "e-Development Partnership in Perm Region") and select it.
- Click on the "Change" button on the right.
- In the fourth block from the top "Regarding this rubric you act as:" mark the "Expert" position.
- The information about an expert and his/her photo will automatically be uploaded to the relevant section.
Publication of References
In order to publish a link to a specific Internet resource, one should take the following steps:
- Click on the "Add link" button in the expert area.
- Insert the link.
- Formulate the title.
- Make a short (3-5 lines) description, which adequately reflects the content of a resource and contains reference to the source.
- Find one's own section in the "Thematic Section" and mark it. Several sections can be marked at the same time.
- In the "Region" block specify the region to which corresponds the information from this resource or the resource purpose. The classification of this block is organized as follows:
- All of Russia - domestic or foreign resources reflecting the national situation or representing interest to all the Russian users;
- Federal districts (7 districts are listed in the alphabetical order) - one or more (holding down the Ctrl key) could be selected;
- Autonomous republics (listed in the alphabetical order) - one or more (holding down the Ctrl key) could be selected;
- Areas [Kraya] (listed in the alphabetical order) - one or more (holding down the Ctrl key) could be selected;
- Regions (listed in the alphabetical order) - one or more (holding down the Ctrl key) could be selected;
- Autonomous areas (listed in the alphabetical order) - one or more (holding down the Ctrl key) could be selected.
- In the "Community" block, mark those communities which would be interested in this resource (one, several or all could be selected by holding down the Ctrl key.)
- The "Comment" section is optional.
- Identify yourself or the person submitting the resource.
- In the "Resource Type" block select the type corresponding to the document. One CANNOT select "Publications" or "Reference Books."
- In the "Description Language" identify the language (Russian or English.) If the resource and its description are in different languages, mark the language of the description statement. The default language in both Russian and English interfaces is Russian.
- In the "Publication Date" the current date will automatically appear. It can be changed, if necessary.
- Click on the "Send" button.
Publication of Original Resources
- Enter the "Expert" page through "My Portal."
- In the "Resources" rubric click on the "Add File" link.
- The rest of the steps are similar to the process described in the "Publication of References" section, only instead of inserting a link, it is necessary to attach a file.
- In the Resource description specify the file type (MS Word, MS Power Point, ZIP archive, etc.) followed by a comma and the file's size in Kb (e.g., 178 Kb.) At this time, the size is limited to one megabyte.
Resource Editing
In order to check for mistakes and inconsistencies, the author should complete the following steps:
- Access the main page of the RuDG Portal.
- Go to his/her own page (all the rubrics are in the alphabet). For example:
- The most recent resource will be the top one in the four latest resources. To edit it, enter the corresponding section of "Resources by Category" and find this resource.
- Click on the red pencil button.
- Make necessary changes.
- Publish the resource once again.
Appendix 3: RuDG Taxonomy
01. Growth Areas of Knowledge Economy
02. Development factors
03. Development communities
04. Regions
05. Types of content
06. Types of resources
01. Growth Areas of Knowledge Economy
01.01. Education
01.01.01. General and special education
01.01.02. Tertiary education
01.01.03. Further education
01.01.04. Education in the sphere of ICT
01.02. Civil R&D
01.02.01. Public Sector
01.02.01.01. Academies of Sciences
01.02.01.02. National Science Centers
01.02.01.03. R&D Institutions Financed by State Agencies and Departments
01.02.02. Higher Education Sector 01.02.03. Business Sector
01.02.03.01. Research Institutes and Design Bureaus
01.02.03.02. Research Centers of Corporations
01.02.04. Non-Governmental and Non-for-Profit Sector
01.03. Military R&D
01.04. Innovation Support Infrastructure
01.04.01. State Scientific and Technical Foundations
01.04.02. Technoparks
01.04.03. Innovative Technology Centers
01.04.04. Science Cities
01.04.05. Venture Funds
01.06. 01.05. Small and Medium Hi-Tech Business
01.06. Software Industry
01.06.01. Domestic market
01.06.01.01. Maintained Corporate Software
01.06.01.02. Maintained Retail Software
01.06.01.03. Non-Maintained Corporate Software
01.06.01.04. Non-Maintained Retail Software
01.06.02. Offshore Programming
01.06.03. Export of Box Software
01.06.04. Free Software
01.07. Telecommunications
01.07.01. Fixed Line Telephone Communications
01.07.02. Mobile Communications
01.07.03. Backbone Networks
01.07.04. Last Mile Networks
01.07.05. Wireless Networks
01.07.06. Data Transmission Networks
01.07.06.01. Internet 01.07.07. Cable TV Networks
01.08. Content Industry
01.08.01. Electronic Mass Media
01.08.02. Print Mass Media
01.08.03. Book Publishing
01.08.04. Electronic Publishing
01.08.05. Content Industry in the Internet
01.08.05.01. Advertizing in the Internet
01.08.05.01.01. Unsolicited Advertisements
01.09. Manufacturing of ICT
01.09.01. Manufacturing of Office Equipment and Hardware
01.09.02. Manufacturing of Radio, TV and Communications Equipment
01.09.03. Manufacturing of Electronic Components
01.09.04. Manufacturing of Disposables and Accessories
01.10. Consulting and System Integration
01.10.01. IT Consulting
01.10.02. Managerial Consulting
01.10.03. Technological Consulting
01.10.04. Financial Consulting
01.10.05. System Integration
01.11. Information Services & Data Processing Services
01.11.01. Libraries
01.11.02. Museums
01.11.03. Archives
01.11.04. Information Centers
01.11.05. News Syndicates
01.11.06. On-line Information Services
01.11.07. Other Information Services
01.11.08. Data Processing Services
01.12. ICT for Development
01.12.01. ICT for Economy Development
01.12.02. e-Government
01.12.03. e-Business
01.12.04. ICT for Education
01.12.04.01 Distant Learning
01.12.04.01.01 Virtual Universities
01.12.05. ICT for Tourism
01.12.06. ICT for Environment
01.12.07. ICT in Tertiary Sector
01.12.08. ICT for Financial Sector
01.12.09. ICT for Transport
01.12.10. ICT for Energy Sector
01.12.11. ICT for Home and Leisure
01.12.12. ICT for Culture & Arts
01.12.13. ICT for Democracy
01.12.14. ICT & Civil Society
01.12.15. e-Health
01.12.16. ICT for Research and Development
01.12.17. e-Society
01.12.18. ICT for Agriculture
01.12.19. ICT for Social and Humanitarian Development
01.12.20. ICT for Construction & Realty
02. Development factors
02.01. Conceptual Framework of Information Society Development
02.01.01. Basic Concepts
02.01.02. Political Declarations and Strategies
02.01.02.01. Russian National e-Strategy
02.01.03. International Documents
02.01.04. Socio-Economic and Political Problems of Information Society
02.01.04.01. Cultural and Linguistic Diversity
02.01.04.02. Authorities Transparency
02.01.05. Mass Media Coverage of Information Society Development
02.02. Political System
02.02.01. Institutes of Civil Society
02.02.02. Separation of Powers
02.02.03. Universal Suffrage
02.02.04. Freedom of Speech
02.02.05. Federalism
02.02.06. Local Government
02.03. State Regulation
02.03.01. Information Society and Knowledge Economy Laws and Regulations
02.03.01.01. Intellectual Property Rights
02.03.01.02. Information Laws and Regulations
02.03.01.03. Internet Laws and Regulations 02.03.02. Macroeconomic Policy
02.03.03. Customs Policy
02.03.04. Tax Policy
02.03.05. Administrative Barriers
02.04. Multi-Stakeholder Programs and Projects
02.04.01. International Programs and Projects
02.04.01.01. Intergovernmental Programs
02.04.01.01.01. World Summit on the Information Society
02.04.01.01.02. UN ICT Task Force
02.04.01.02. Donor Organizations Programs
02.04.01.03. National Programs
02.04.01.04. Pro-Active Programs and Projects
02.04.02. Federal and National Programs and Projects
02.04.02.01. eRussia Program
02.04.02.01.01. Interviews and Presentations
02.04.02.01.02. Tenders
02.04.02.01.03. Events
02.04.02.01.04. Official Publications
02.04.02.01.05. Regional Activities
02.04.02.01.06. Media about e-Russia
02.04.02.02. Program for Creation of an Integrated Education Information Environment
02.04.02.03. Russian e-Development Partnership
02.04.02.03.01. Russia Development Gateway
02.04.03. Regional Programs and Projects
02.04.03.01. e-Moscow
02.04.03.01.01. Program
02.04.03.01.02. Official Documents
02.04.03.01.03. Mass Media Coverage of e-Moscow Program
02.04.03.01.04. Events
02.04.03.02. e-St.Petersburg
02.04.04. Municipal Programs and Projects
02.05. Business Climate
02.05.01. Financial System
02.05.02. Banking System
02.05.02.01. Payments and Settlements
02.05.02.02. Traditional Banking Services
02.05.02.03. Electronic Banking Services
02.05.02.04. Capital Market
02.05.02.05. State Finances
02.05.03. Competitive Environment
02.05.04. Black Economy
02.05.04.01. Racketeering
02.05.04.02. Corruption
02.05.04.03. Counterfeit products
02.05.05. Legal Methods to Defend Property Rights and Execute/Discharge Contracts
02.05.05.01. Law Enforcement Practice
02.05.05.02. Judicial Systems
02.05.06. Intellectual Property
02.05.07. Informal Institutes of Market Environment
02.05.07.01. Traditions of Business Intercourse
02.05.07.02. Reputation and Problem of Commercial Trust
02.05.08. Openness for Foreign Businesses and Investors
02.05.09. Corporate Governance and Development
02.05.09.01. Relations between Owners and Managers
02.05.09.02. Strategic Planning
02.05.09.03. Corporate Management
02.05.09.04. Marketing and Sales Policies
02.05.09.05. Susceptibility of Innovations
02.05.09.06. Susceptibility of Investments
02.05.09.07. Knowledge Management
02.06. Sources of Financing for Knowledge Economy
02.06.01. Natural Rent
02.06.02. Tax Remissions
02.06.03. Tax Credit
02.06.04. Amortization
02.06.05. Budget
02.06.06. Venture Capital Financing
02.06.07. Bank Loans
02.06.08. Grants
02.06.09. Loans
02.07. Human Capital
02.07.01. Skills for Knowledge Economy
02.07.02. Professional Training of Managerial Staff
02.07.03. Health and Longevity
02.07.04. Readiness for Innovations and Informational Activity
02.07.05. Social Mobility
02.07.06. Labor and Business Ethics
02.07.07. Gender Factor
02.07.08. Investments in Human Capital
02.08. Information Security
02.08.01. Security of Critical Segments National Information Infrastructure
02.08.02. Security of Information Resources
02.08.03. Computer Crime
02.09. Traditional Infrastructure
02.09.01. Transport
02.09.02. Power Supply Industry
02.09.03. Mail service
02.09.04. Trade
02.09.04.01. Print Materials Distribution Systems
02.10. Development of ICT
02.11. Information Society Development Research
02.11.01. Theories of Postindustrial Development
02.11.02. Monitoring of Information Society Development
02.11.03. Social Dimensions of People's Relationships to ICT
02.11.03.01. Transformation of Life Styles
02.11.03.02. Changes in Values and Motivations
02.11.03.03. New Problems and Threats
02.11.03.04. New Forms of Leisure
02.11.03.05 Extension of Human Capabilities and Spheres of Action
03. Development communities
03.01. Government
03.02. Business
03.03. Civil Society
03.04. Donors and Investors
03.05. Research and Education Community
04. Regions
04.100. Russia in General
04.101. Central District
04.102. North-Western District
04.103. Volga District
04.104. Southern District
04.105. Siberian District
04.106. Ural District
04.107. Far Eastern District
04.001. Republic of Adygea
04.002. Republic of Bashkortostan
04.003. Republic of Buryatia
04.004. Republic of Gorno-Altai
04.005. Republic of Daghestan
04.006. Ingush Republic
04.007. Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
04.008. Republic of Kalmykia
04.009. Karachayevo-Cherkess Republic
04.010. Republic of Karelia
04.011. Republic of Komi
04.012. Republic of Mariy El
04.013. Mordovian Republic
04.014. Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
04.015. North-Ossetian Republic
04.016. Republic of Tatarstan
04.017. Republic of Tuva
04.018. Udmurt Republic
04.019. Republic of Khakassia
04.020. Chechen Republic
04.021.Chuvash Republic
04.022.Altai Krai (Territory)
04.023.Krasnodar Krai (Territory)
04.024.Krasnoyarsk Krai (Territory)
04.025. Primorsky Krai (Maritime Territory)
04.026. Stavropol Krai (Territory)
04.027. Khabarovsk Krai (Territory)
04.028. Amur Region
04.029. Arkhangelsk Region
04.030. Astrakhan Region
04.031. Belgorod Region
04.032. Bryansk Region
04.033. Vladimir Region
04.034. Volgograd Region
04.035. Vologda Region
04.036. Voronezh Region
04.037. Ivanovo Region
04.038. Irkutsk Region
04.039. Kaliningrad Region
04.040. Kaluga Region
04.041. Kamchatka Region
04.042. Kemerovo Region
04.043. Kirov Region
04.044. Kostroma Region
04.045. Kurgan Region
04.046. Kursk Region
04.047. Leningrad Region
04.048. Lipetsk Region
04.049. Magadan Region
04.050. Moscow Region
04.051. Murmansk Region
04.052. Nizhny Novgorod Region
04.053. Novgorod Region
04.054. Novosibirsk Region
04.055. Omsk Region
04.056. Orenburg Region
04.057. Orel Region
04.058. Penza Region
04.059. Perm Region
04.060. Pskov Region
04.061. Rostov Region
04.062. Ryazan Region
04.063. Samara Region
04.064. Saratov Region
04.065. Sakhalin Region
04.066. Sverdlovsk Region
04.067. Smolensk Region
04.068. Tambov Region
04.069. Tver Region
04.070. Tomsk Region
04.071. Tula Region
04.072. Tyumen Region
04.073. Ulyanovsk Region
04.074. Chelyabinsk Region
04.075. Chita Region
04.076. Yaroslavl Region
04.077. the City of Moscow
04.078. the City of St. Petersburg
04.079. Jewish Autonomous Region
04.080. Agin-Buryat Autonomous Area
04.081. Komi-Permyak Autonomous Area
04.082. Koryak Autonomous Area
04.083. Nenets Autonomous Area
04.084. Taimyr Autonomous Area
04.085. Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Area
04.086. Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area
04.087. Chukotski Autonomous Area
04.088. Evenki Autonomous Area
04.089. Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area
05. Types of content
05.01. News
05.02. Laws and Regulations
05.03. Concepts and Strategies
05.04. International Agreements
05.05. Analytical Documents
05.06. Data and Statistics
05.07. Programs and Projects
05.08. Organizations and People 05.09. Events
05.10. Russian Experience
05.11. International Experience
05.12. Discussion Forums
05.13. How To's and Tools
05.14. Learning Courses
05.15. Sources of Financing
05.16. Others
06. Types of resources
06.01. Data Base
06.02. Collection
06.03. Event
06.04. Image
06.05. Interactive Resource
06.06. Service
06.07. Software Product
06.08. Audio
06.09. Text
06.10. Physical Object
Links
1. In the context of this document, the concept of development is used to mean Information Society development.
2. The Information Society is understood as a stage of development of the modern civilization that is characterized by the increasing role of information and knowledge in life of a society, growing share of telecommunications, information products and services in gross domestic product (GDP), creating global information infrastructure to provide effective information interaction for the people, widespread access to the world information resources and satisfying people's social and personal need in information products and services.
3. There are many definitions of Knowledge-Based Economy, or Knowledge Economy, or k-Economy. The definition used in these documents is one offered by one of the leading specialists in the field - Karl Dahlman, Program Director of Knowledge Products and Outreach division of the World Bank: “A type of economy where innovation - the creation, acquisition and dissemination of knowledge - is the major driving force of economic and social development.”
4. The present document defines the major development communities as government, business, civil society, research and education community, sponsors and investors.
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